Today when people hear the word “charity,” they often think of donations, fundraisers, or volunteer work. These are good things, but they only scratch the surface of what charity really is.
In Christian teaching, charity—caritas—is not simply kindness or generosity. It is a supernatural virtue. Saint Paul places it above even faith and hope:
“Now abideth faith, hope, charity, these three; but the greatest of these is charity.” (1 Cor 13:13)
Why is charity the greatest? Because it is not something we generate on our own. It is God’s own love, poured into our hearts by grace, enabling us to love as He loves.
The Natural Foundation
Even without revelation, human beings are inclined to goodwill toward others. Aristotle called this eunoia—acting with the good of others, and the common good, in mind. This is a natural virtue, and it is real. We can see it in acts of kindness, civic friendship, and common concern for neighbors and strangers alike.
Yet, natural virtue is fragile. It can be easily distorted by pride, fear, or selfishness.
Grace Perfects Nature
Christ calls us beyond this natural level:
“Be ye perfect, even as your heavenly Father is perfect.” (Mt 5:48)
On our own, we cannot attain such perfection. But grace builds on nature and lifts it higher. When God infuses charity into the soul, it transforms natural goodwill into supernatural love. We are empowered to love not only as we would want to be loved, but as Christ Himself loves—freely, fully, and sacrificially.
The Freedom of Love
Aristotle observed that no act is virtuous unless it is voluntary. Forced “charity” is no charity at all. The same holds true in the supernatural order: Christian love must be freely chosen. It is a gift of grace, but also a response of the heart.
That is why true charity is always personal. It is not only about writing a check or supporting a program. It is about opening the heart to God and to others—loving in freedom, with the very love of Christ that has first been given to us.
Edited with assistance of ChatGPT-5